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USA: Corporate Giants Begin Greenhouse Gas Trading Program

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Bad Credit Credit Creditres WASHINGTON -- Seven corporations, including several of the world's largest multinational companies, have joined with an environmental group in seeking ways to trade emission permits to reduce their production of heat-trapping greenhouse gas emissions. But critics say the partnership is just more of the same hot air from the world's fossil fuel industry.

Each country has targets to reach for reducing greenhouse gas emissions including 8% for European Union, 7% for U.S., and 6% for Japan. The agreement provides incentives for cutting pollution through a system of emissions trading. A country that emits less than its quota of greenhouse gases can sell emission credits to polluting nations. In addition, a country may receive credits through shared clean energy programs and carbon dioxide "sinks" in the form of forest or other ecosystems that remove carbon dioxide from the air.

Bad Consolidation Credit Debt Corporate giants including British Petroleum (BP)-Amoco, Shell International, and the chemical company DuPont, say they have teamed with Washington-based Environmental Defense in setting firm targets for reducing their own emissions, blamed for global warming.

the relative to their 1990 emissions levels. The greenhouse gases covered by the Protocol are carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride. The aggregate target is based on the carbon dioxide equivalent of each of the greenhouse gases. For the three synthetic greenhouse gases, countries have the option of using 1995 as the base year.

Bad Company Credit Repair Some of the companies involved, including DuPont and BP have already pledged in years past to reduce their emissions by a certain amount. At a press conference here in Washington on Tuesday the companies reiterated their targets and said their combined commitments will result in an annual reduction of at l east 80 million metric tons of carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, by the year 2010.

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Bad Card Credit Credit ''The goal is to share learning and highlight the value of solid, market-oriented rules, which will encourage even more companies to step forward and reduce pollution,'' said Fred Krupp, executive director of Environmental Defense, one of the nation's largest environmental organisations.

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Bad Car Credit Loan Each company agreed that it will measure and publicly report its emissions. The other corporations involved are Suncor Energy Inc., and Ontario Power Generation and also includes the Alcan of Canada and France's Pechiney, the world's second and third largest aluminum companies.

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Bad Credit Loan Mortgage Together, the annual 1990 emissions of the partnership members are 360 million metric tons, placing them among the top 15 industrialised countries in terms of emissions.

Auto Bad Credit Loan Most scientists believe that these gases -- caused by the burning of fossil fuels, like oil, gas and coal -- will bring about global warming.

Bad Credit Mortgage Refinance Already these gases have been blamed for heating the deep oceans, fracturing Antarctic ice shelves and fuelling more intense El Ninos. To deal wit h these threats industrialised nations hammered out an international agreement, known as the Kyoto Protocol, in which they pledged to reduce their emissions by five to seven percent below 1990 levels by 2008 - 2012.

Bad Credit Refinance Part of the Protocol, named after the Japanese city where it was drawn up in 1997, includes the concept of international emissions trading.

Bad Credit Mortgage Second Supporters of these so-called market mechanisms - including the US government, industry and even some environmental groups, like Environmental Defense - argue that similar trading plans have worked well in the United States to reduce pollution at the lowest cost.

Bad Credit Loan Student But the detailed rules of how an international trading scheme would work have yet to be decided. Next month more than 100 nations are heading to The Hague for an international conference hoping to hammer out some of these details.

Bad Card Credit In the meantime, companies including Shell and BP -- with the help of Environmental Defense in this new partnership -- have already started their own internal trading programmes to meet their own targets.

Bad Credit Financing In order to meet its target of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 10 percent from 1990 levels by 2010, BP launched a global emissions trading system in January. The system involves trading carbon dioxide and methane emiss ions in the form of permits across the company's entire operations.

Bad Credit Home Loan Mortgage According to Jeff Morgheim, climate change director at BP, more than 150 business units of the company in 100 countries participate.

Bad Credit Loan People ''To date, more than 1 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent permits have been traded in 350 trades,'' he said.

Bad Card Credit Credit People Shell International said it set up an emissions trading system in January covering more than 30 percent of the company's total emissions. Its target is to reduce emissions from its operations by 10 percent from 1990 levels by 2002.

Bad Credit Guaranteed Loan ''Market-based solutions are the most effective way of addressing environmental challenges, including bringing down the cost of reducing greenhouse gas emissions,'' said Aidan Murphy, vice-president of Shell International's climate change programme.

Bad Credit Refinancing While the companies involved in the partnership with Environmental Defense have not devised a formal set of rules for trading between companies, they said they are sharing information on what they have learned so far. Such a set of rules could develop in the future, said Krupp with Environmental Defense.

Bad Credit Equity Home Loan The companies said that when, and if, rules for a global emissions trading scheme are worked out by the world's governments, their trading programmes would simply merge with the new system.

Bad Credit Loan Payday Most environmental groups have been highly critical of only using emission trading to reduce global warming. Such an international trading regime would be impossible to monitor and enforce, they argue.

Bad Credit Repair Further complicating the matter is that if permits were given using a 1990 baseline, Russia and Eastern Europe would have permits to trade based on reductions that were made since then, not in an effort to curb global warming, but because of economic collapse.

Bad Credit Home Loan Uk Therefore, international environmental groups like Greenpeace and Friends of the Earth, argue, the trading would not amount to real reductions.

2nd Bad Credit Mortgage Groups opposed to trading are calling on countries to instead reduce government subsidies to oil, gas and coal companies.

Bad Credit Loan Unsecured Joshua Karliner, executive director of the Transnational Resource and Action Center, a San-Francisco-based corporate watchdog, said Tuesday's announcement amounted to little more than a public relations exercise in terms of real reductions of greenhouse gases.

Bad Consolidation Credit Loan Even if BP and Shell reduce the emissions caused by their own operations, he said these companies are still producing the fuel that causes the bulk of greenhouse gas emissions.

Bad Credit Home Loan New ''These companies come off as good corporate 'citizens', when they are really at the core of the problem because they produce the fuel that is burned worldwide and ends up heating the climate,'' he said.

Bad Business Credit Loan According to Karliner, it is going to take intervention on behalf of the United Nations, governments and communities to move the world away from oil and gas and toward non-polluting forms of energy, like solar and wind power.

Bad Credit Lender Mortgage ''Market based solutions will not cause a fundamental shift away from fossil fuels and toward renewable energy,'' he said.

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